1 Corinthians Endnotes

 

 

Several sources I have cited here are from the electronic media, either from websites or from electronic research libraries.  Thus in some of these sources it is not possible to cite page numbers.  Instead, I have cited the verse or verses in 1 Corinthians (e.g. v. verse 1:1 or vs. verses 1:5-6) about which the commentators speak.

 

INTRODUCTION

1   Kenneth L. Barker & John R. Kohlenberger III, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2 (Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1994), p. 606.

“Paul probably came…in the fall of AD 50, after preaching the Gospel to the highly intellectual Athenians.  He ministered there a year and a half (Acts 18:11)…Paul’s stay at the city is established by comparing the reference to Gallio with a Gallio, proconsul of Achaia, mentioned on an inscription of the Emperor Claudius at Delphi, dated between January and August, AD 52.  This Gallio took office on July 1 AD 51, and Paul had arrived in Corinth about a year earlier.  Shortly after this court appearance, Paul left Corinth for Syria (v. 18).”

2  Gerald Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII (Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1999), p. 1.

3  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 606.

4  Warren W. Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT (Colorado Springs, CO: David C. Cook, 2007), p. 452.

5  David Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, 1997-2003, v. 1:1. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/guz/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

CHAPTER 1

1  Jay E. Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, Acts – Ephesians (Colorado Springs: Cook Communications Ministries, 2006), p. 205.

Note: In the Hebrew language sh‘leach means a delegate, envoy, messenger or agent.  In the US for instance there will be an Israeli Schleich in several of the larger cities.

2  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 609.

3  Frederick Brotherton Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, 1914, vs. 1:1-11. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/fbm/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

4  Albert Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, 1870, v. 1:1. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/bnb/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

“He was accustomed to employ an amanuensis (scribe) in writing his epistles, and the copyist frequently expressed his concurrence or approbation in what the apostle had indicted; see the note at Romans 16:22; compare Colossians 4:18. …It is possible that Sosthenes might have been employed by Paul for this purpose…. Sosthenes was well known at Corinth. He had been the chief ruler of the synagogue there.”

5   A.T. Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, Broadman Press, 1932-33, v. 1:1. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/rwp/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

6  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 206.

7  William Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, 1956-1959, vs. 1:1-3. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/dsb/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

8  Dr. Bob Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 1:2
http://www.freebiblecommentary.org/new_testament_studies/VOL06/VOL06A_01.html

9  James Burton Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament (Abilene, TX: Abilene Christian University Press,1983-1999), v. 1:2. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/bcc/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

10  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 454.

11  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
v. 1:2. 

Barker & Kohlenberger add: “Corinth…probably had a free population of 200,000, plus half a million slaves in its navy and in its many colonies…It became the capital of the Roman province of Achaia.” (Barker & Kohlenberger, p. 606).

12  Ibid.

Barker & Kohlenberger also add: “Ships often docked at the Isthmus and transported their cargoes by land vehicles from one sea to another; or if the ships were small, they were dragged the five miles across the isthmus.  Today there is a canal…” (Barker & Kohlenberger), p. 606.

13  Ibid.

14  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 1:3.

15  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 6.

16  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 454.

17  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, vs. 1:4-9.

18  Charles F. Pfeiffer & Everett F. Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary (Chicago: Moody Press, 1962), p. 1230.

19  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 1:9.

20  William Barclay, A New Testament Word Book (London: SCM Press Ltd., 1955), p. 72.

21  Robert Jamieson, A.R. Fausset, & David Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, 1871-78, v. 1:9. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/jfb/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

22  Ray C. Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies, 2010, v. 1:1-9.  http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/rsc/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

23  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 1:10.

24  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
v. 1:10.

Pfeiffer & Harrison add: “After this initial visit Paul wrote the church a letter which has been lost (cf. 5:9)…Apparently the problems in the church were not solved by the epistle, for the apostle was forced to pay the church a hurried, painful visit (cf. 2 Cor 2:1; 12:14; 13:1-2)….From Macedonia Paul wrote the canonical 2 Corinthians (cf. 2 Cor. 2:13; 7:6-16)…He then followed up this last letter with his final recorded visit to the church (cf. Acts 20:1-4).” (Pfeiffer & Harrison, p. 1228).

25  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 1:10.

26  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
vs. 1:11-13.

27  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 1:11.

28  Adam Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, 1832, v. 1:12.  http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/acc/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

29  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 1:10-17.

30  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 1:10-19.

31  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1231.

32  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 1:12.

33  Craig S. Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament (Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1993), p. 455.

34  Ibid.

35  Peter Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible, 2013, v. 1:13. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/pet/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

37  Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, vs. 1:12-25.

38  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs1:14-17.

39  Cited in Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 1:14-17.

40  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 1:18-25.

41  Ibid.

42  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 455.

43  Leon Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7 (Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 1985), p. 49.

44  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 1:18.

45  Carl Olson & Sandra Miesel, The Da Vinci Hoax (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2004), p. 92.

46  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, v. 1:18.

47  Scott Cleland with Ira Brodsky, Search & Destroy, Why You Can’t Trust Google Inc. (St Louis MO: 2011), p. 148.

48  Paul Johnson, Intellectuals (New York: Harper & Row, 1988), p. 27.

49  Ibid., pp. 79-80.

50  Ibid., pp. 225-246.

51  Paul E. Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary, 1921-23, vs. 1:20-25. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/kpc/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

52  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 14.

53  Quoted in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 1:22.

54  William Godbey, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Godbey’s Commentary on the New Testament, v. 1:22. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/ges/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

Morris adds: “The matter of fact Jews showed little interest in speculative thought. Their demand was for evidence and their interest was in the practical…The Greeks were absorbed in speculative philosophy.  No names were more honored among them than the names of their outstanding thinkers.” (Morrris, p. 51).

55  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 1:23.

56  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 212.

57  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 612.

58  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 51.

59  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 16.

60  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 1:26-31.

61  Ibid.

62  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 1:26-31.

63  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 53.

64  John Trapp, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete Commentary, 1865-68, v. 1:26. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/jtc/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=1.

65  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 1:27.

66  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 17.

67  Godbey, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Godbey’s Commentary on the New Testament, v. 1:28.

68  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 1:30.

69  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 18.

70  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1230.

71  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs.  1:30-31.

CHAPTER 2

1  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 2:2.

2   Cited in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 2:2.

3   F. F. Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publ. Co., 1971), p. 37.

4  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 214.

5  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, vs. 2:1-5.

6  http://www.cyberhymnal.org/htm/w/h/e/whenisur.htm

7  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 2:1.

“Paul might, had he pleased, have used an ornate style, having studied secular learning at Tarsus of Cilicia, which Strabo preferred as a school of learning to Athens or Alexandria; here, doubtless, he read the Cilician Aratus‘ poems (which he quotes, Acts 17:28), and Epimenides (Titus 1:12), and Menander (1 Corinthians 15:33). Grecian intellectual development was an important element in preparing the way for the gospel, but it failed to regenerate the world, showing that for this a superhuman power is needed.”

8  Max Lucado, No Wonder They Call Him The Savior (Multnomah Press, 1986), p. 120.

9  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 2:2.

10  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 215.

“Trembling…Acts 18:9-10 suggests that Paul feared for his personal safety in Corinth (cf. Acts16:19-24; 17:5-9, 13-14; 1 Thess. 3:4)…his recent experiences in Athens (Acts 17:16-34), his loneliness and a sense of isolation (cf. Acts 17:15; 18:5).”

11  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible 2:1-5.

12  Ibid.

13  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 215.

14  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1233.

15  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, v. 2:5.

16  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 56.

17  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 459.

18  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 216.

19  Nancy Pearcey, Saving Leonardo, A Call to Resist the Secular Assault on Mind, Morals, & Meaning (Nashville: B&H Publishing Group, 2010), p.  25.

20  David Berlinski, The Devil’s Delusion (New York: Crown Forum, 2008), p. 2.

21  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1233.

22  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 459.

23  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 58.

“In antiquity Origen took this to refer to the demonic powers behind world rulers, an interpretation which Chrysostom rejected, and this difference of opinion has persisted through the centuries…”

24  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 217.

25  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 22.

26  Ibid., p. 23.

27  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 60.

28  Randy Alcorn, Heaven (Wheaton: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., 2004), p. 120.

29  Ibid., p. 92.

30  Ibid., p. 119.

31  Ibid., p. 137.

32  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 2:10.

Coffman quoting Guthrie adds: “The Spirit searcheth all things … This is true, ‘not in the sense of `needing information,’ but in the sense of penetrating all things.” (Coffman v. 2:10).

33  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 458.

34  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible, v.
2:10.

35  Godbey, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Godbey’s Commentary on the New Testament, v. 2:10.

36  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 2:11.

37  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 62.

38  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 2:11.

39  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 220.

40  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 2:12.

41  Cited in Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 2:12-13.

42  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 460. 

 43  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 25.

44  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 40.

45  Ibid., pp. 40-41.

Morris adds here: “Psychikos, ‘natural;, refers to the animal life.  There is nothing inherently evil about it; it does not mean ‘sinful’,  But it does point to an absence of spiritual discernment…purely material plane.” (Morris p. 63).

46  Quoted in Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,  v.  2:14-16.

47  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1233.

48  Cited in Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 222.

49  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 26.

CHAPTER 3

1  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible, v. 3:1-3.

2  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 3:1.

3  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 462.

4  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 3:2.

5  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, v. 3:2.

6  Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, vs. 3:1-9.

7  Trapp, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete Commentary, v. 3:3.

8  Quoted in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 3:4.

9  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 458.

10  Quoted in Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, vs. 3:5-7.

11  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies, vs. 3:1-9.

12  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, vs. 3:5-7.

13  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 463.

14  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 3:9.

“We are God‘s co-workers. A similar expression occurs in 2 Corinthians 6:1, ‘We then as workers together with him,’ etc. …there is no expression that is parallel to this. There is none that speaks of God’s operating jointly with his creatures in producing the same result.”

Coffman adds: “Despite the fact of there being a sense in which Christians are God’s partners at the present time, and that this partnership shall be expanded at the judgment (Matthew 25:23)…” (Coffman, v. 3:9)

15  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, vs. 3:8-9.

16  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 3:8.

17  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 3:9.

18  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies, vs3:1-9.

19  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 3:10-15.

Smith comments here on Master Builder (architekton) “…Its English transliteration and derivatives suggest the meaning “architect.”  However, the term “is hardly to be defined in terms of our contemporary architects…The word is wider than our architect…and was used to represent an “engineer, foreman, builder, master builder, craftsman, or architect…the term ‘general contractor’ probably comes closest to the role that Paul describes.” (Smith p. 227).

20  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 69.

21  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 31.

22  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 68.

23  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 32.

24  http://americanfreepress.net/?p=298  August 27, 2011.

25  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 3:12.

For confirmation see also Stedman, vs. 3:10-17; Guzik 3:10-15 and Morris p. 70.

26  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 464.

27  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 227.

28  Philip W. Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians (Wheaton: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., 1999), p.54.

29  Alexander Roberts & James Donaldson, eds., The Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 1 (Grand Rapid: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Compahy, 1956), p. 154.

30 Nancy Pearcey, Total Truth: Liberating Christianity from Its Cultural Captivity (Wheaton IL: Crossway Books, 2004), p. 293.

31  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 71.

32  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 229.

33  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 459.

34  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 3:16-22.

35  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 3:16.

36  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 3:17.

37  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 3:17.

38  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 3:17.

39  Quoted in Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, vs. 3:16-22.

40  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 464.

41  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 72.

42  Godbey, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Godbey’s Commentary on the New Testament, v. 3:20.

43  Ben Shapiro, Brainwashed: How Universities Indoctrinate America’s Youth (Nashville: WND Books, 2004), p. 55.

44  Ibid, p. 56.

45  Ibid.

46  Ibid., p. 60.

47  Ibid., p. 62.

48  Ibid., p. 64.

49  Ibid., p. 65.

50  Ibid., p. 66.

51  Gerald Schroeder, The Hidden Face of God, How Science Reveals the Ultimate Truth (New York: The Free Press, 2001), p. 49.

52  Ibid., p. xi.

53  Ibid., p. 159.

54  Dean L. Overman, A Case For The Existence of God (New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2009), p. 85.

55  Paul Johnson, A History of the Jews (NY: Harper & Roe, 1987), p. 101.

56  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 3:16-22.

CHAPTER 4

1  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 4:1.

2  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 465.

3  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, vs. 4:1-5.

Utley adds: “stewards’ This is a compound Greek term from ‘house’ and ‘law.’ It was the servant who managed the house/estate and gave an account to the owner (i.e., term in Matt. 25:14-46…” (Utley, v. 4:1)

Smith says: “The chief of staff at the White House might be a fitting contemporary analogy for the first-century oikonomos.” (Smith, p. 231).

4  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 37.

5  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 459.

6  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1235.

7  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 4:3.

8  John Calvin, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Calvin’s Commentary on the Bible, 1840-57, v. 4:3. http:// www.studylight.org/commentaries/cal/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=4.

9  Quoted in Norman L. Geisler & Frank Turek, I Don’t Have Enough Faith To Be An Atheist (Wheaton: Crossway Books, 2004), p. 192.

10  Trapp, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete Commentary,
v. 4:4.

11  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 39.

12  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 4:6-13.

13  Marvin Vincent, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Vincent’s Word Studies in the New Testament (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1887), v. 4-6. http://www.studylight.org/commentaries/vnt/view.cgi?bk=45&ch=4.

14  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 4:6.

15  Cited in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 4:6.

16  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 232.

Pett adds: “The Greek is probably colloquial but the idea would seem to be that Paul wants them to make sure that they remain Scripturally based.” (Pett, vs. 4:6-7)

17  Patrick Glynn, God, The Evidence: The Reconciliation of Faith and Reason in a Postsecular World (Rocklin CA: Prima Publishing, 1997), p. 155.

18  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 466.

19  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
vs. 4:8-13.

20  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 233.

21  Ibid.

22  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 4:6-13.

23  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 4:8-21.

24  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 40.

25  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 4:10.

26  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 4:10.

27  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 63.

28  Ibid.

29  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 461.

30  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 4:13.

31  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 4:13.

32  Godbey, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Godbey’s Commentary on the New Testament, v. 4:13.

33  Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, vs. 4:17-21.

34  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, vs. 4:14-15.

Morris adds: “It is not easy to translate paidagogous…for in our community we do not have the equivalent.” (Morris, p. 83)

35  Ibid., v. 4:16.

36  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 4:14-21.

37  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 467.

38  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, vs. 4:18-21.

39  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 4:19.

40  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, vs. 4:21.

CHAPTER 5

1  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, vs. 5:1.

Utley adds: “This term refers to any sexual impropriety (i.e., adultery, fornication, homosexuality, even bestiality). (Utley, v. 5:1).

2  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, vs. 5:1-8.

3  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 53.

4  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, pp. 461-462.

5  Josh McDowell & Bob Hostetler, The New Tolerance: How A Cultural Movement Threatens To Destroy You, Your Faith, And Your Children (Wheaton: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., 1998) p. 75.

6  Ibid., p. 95.

7  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, vs. 5:2.

8  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 5:3.

9  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 5:2.

“The Christian Church was at this time too young to have those forms of excommunication which were practiced in succeeding centuries. Probably no more is meant than a simple disowning of the person, accompanied with the refusal to admit him to the sacred ordinances, or to have any intercourse or connection with him.”

10  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 462.

11  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 5:3.

12  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, vs. 5:5.

13  See Clarke’s good explanation in footnote no. 9.

14  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 621.

Barnes adds here: “It is very evident from the Scriptures that the apostles were imbued with the power of inflicting diseases or bodily calamities for crimes. See Acts 13:11; 1 Corinthians 11:30.” (Barnes v. 5:5).

Smith also adds: “Commentators suggest that excommunication coupled with some form of physical affliction is probably in view.” (Smith p. 239)

15  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 89.

16  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
vs. 5:3-5.

17  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 469.

18  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 5:5.

“…The opinion that this offender repented and came back into the congregation is founded upon 2 Corinthians 7:12; but there is little certainty that this application is correct.” (Coffman v. 5:5).

Bruce adds: “If, of course, the offender is the an referred to in 1 Cor. 2:5ff., then he recovered both health and church membership, but the identification, as has been indicated above, is doubtful.” (Bruce p. 55).

19  Ibid., v. 5:6.

20  Calvin, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Calvin’s Commentary on the Bible, v. 5:6.

21  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 47.

22  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible, vs. 5:6-7).

23  Rabbi Israel Meir Lau, Practical Judaism (Tel Aviv: Modan Publishing House, Ltd., 1997), pp. 296-297.

24  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 57.

25  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 5:8.

26  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 5:8.

27  J. Vernon McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1991), p. 63.

28  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 5:9.

29  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
vs. 5:10-13.

30  Quoted in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 5:9.

31  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
vs. 5:10-13.

32  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 58.

33  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 463.

34  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 93.

35  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 59.

36  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 49.

CHAPTER 6

1  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, vs. 6:1-20.

2  Ibid.

3  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 59.

4  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
vs. 6:1-4.

5  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 463.

6  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies, vs. 6:1-11.

7  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 69.

8  Quoted in Coffman, Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 6:3.

9  Quoted in Guzik,  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, vs. 6:2-6.

10  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 6:3.

Barker and Kohlenberger add: “He probably means that Christians, when ruling in the future with Christ, will have a part in judging the devil and the fallen angels at the Second Coming (cf. Rev. 19:19-20; 20:10).” (Barker & Kohlenberger, p. 623).

11  Quoted in Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, vs. 6:11-20.

12  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 244.

13  Calvin, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Calvin’s Commentary on the Bible, v. 6:3.

14  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 79.

15  Godbey, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Godbey’s Commentary on the New Testament, v. 6:6.

16  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 245.

17  Calvin, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Calvin’s Commentary on the Bible, v. 6:7.

18  Alexander Donaldson, et. al., Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 3 (Edinburgh: T&T Clark; Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1889), p. 711.

19  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 6:8.

20  Ibid., vs. 6:9-11.

21  David Kupelian, The Marketing of Evil, (Nashville, WND Books, 2005), p. 129.

22  Donna Freitas, The End of Sex: How Hookup Culture Is Leaving a Generation Unhappy, Sexually Unfulfilled, and Confused About Intimacy (New York: Basic Books, 2013), p. 25.

23  Ibid., pp. 2, 4.

24  William Barclay, The Letters to the Philippians, Colossians, and Thessalonians, Revised Edition (Louisville: The Westminster Press, 1975),  p. 161.

25  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 6:9-11.

26  Guzik,  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, vs. 6:8-11.

27  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 61.

28  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 6:9-11.

29  David Kupelian, How Evil Works: Understanding and Overcoming the Destructive Forces That Are Transforming America (New York: Threshold Editions, 2010), p. 176.

30  Paul Copan, When God Goes To Starbucks (Grand Rapids: Baker Books, 2008),
p. 106.

31  Kupelian, The Marketing of Evil, p. 21.

32  Nancy Pearcey, Total Truth: Liberating Christianity from Its Cultural Captivity (Wheaton IL: Crossway Books, 2004), p. 143.

33  Philip Yancey, Finding God in Unexpected Places (Nashville: Moorings, 1995),
p. 17.

34  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 6:9-11.

35  Ibid.

36  http://izquotes.com/quote/377399

37  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 97.

38  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs. 6:9-11.

39  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 6:12.   

“The phrase ‘everything is permissible for me’ appears to have been a catchphrase, as it appears twice in this verse and twice again in 10:23.  Apparently the Christians in Corinth had been using this phrase as a license to live any way they pleased.” (Comfort, p. 83).

40  http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/168668-satan-always-sends-error-into-the-world-in-pairs-that

41  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 62.

42  Quoted in Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,
p. 98.

43  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, v. 6:13.

44  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 250.

45  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,  p. 99.

46  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
vs. 6:15-20.

47  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 470.

48  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 87.

49  David Kupelian, How Evil Works: Understanding and Overcoming the Destructive Forces That Are Transforming America, p. 44.

50  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 465.

51  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 471.

52  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 57.

53  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
vs. 6:15-17.

54  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs. 6:15-17.

55  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,
p. 100.

56  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 6:18.

57  Calvin, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Calvin’s Commentary on the Bible, v. 6:18.

58  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 57.

59  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1239.

60  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,
p. 102.

61  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 89.

62  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
v. 6:20.

CHAPTER 7

1  D. Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised (Grand Rapids: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co., 1970), p. 1060.

2  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1239.

3  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 7:1.

Credit goes to Coffman for numbering the various questions that were asked of Paul.

4   Edwin Hatch, The Influence of Greek Ideas and Usages Upon the Christian Church (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson Publishers, republished 1995), p. 165.

Coffman citing Clarke adds: “… Many of the Greek philosophers, such as Menander, held marriage to be ‘an evil, but a necessary evil.’” (Coffman v. 7:1).

5   Ibid., p. 167.

6  Ibid.

7  Ben Shapiro, Brainwashed, How Universities Indoctrinate America’s Youth
(Nashville: WND Books, 2004), p. 54.

8  Nathan Harden, Sex and God at Yale, Porn, Political Correctness, and a Good Education Gone Bad (NY: St. Martin’s Press, 2012), p. 286.

9  Ibid., p. 231.

10  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 105.

11  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, vs.  7:3-7.

12  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 106.

13  Cited in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 7:3.

14  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 472.

15  Roberts, et. al., The Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 2, p. 146.

16  Ibid., p. 503.

17  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 106.

18  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies, vs. 7:1-9.

19  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 106.

20  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 67.

21  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 107.

Smith adds:” Paul’s teaching on abstinence from marital relations is quite similar to that of rabbinic Judaism…Shammai says… ‘for two weeks’…Hillel says, ‘For one week’…the Testament of Napthali 8:8 (second century BC): ‘There is a time for having intercourse with one’s wife, and a time to abstain for the purposes of prayer.’” (Smith, p. 254).

22  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 7:6.

23  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 68.

24  Quoted in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 7:7.

25  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 7:3-7.

26  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 107.

27  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 68.

28  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 255.

29  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 7:9.

30  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 471.

31  William Barclay, The Letter to the Romans, The New Daily Study Bible (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press, 1975, 2002), p. 37.

32  Charles Colson with Ellen Santilli Vaughn, The Body: being a light in the darkness (Dallas: Word Publishing, 1992), p. 304.

33  Roberts,  et. al., The Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 1, p. 167.

34  Ibid., Vol. 3, p. 443.

35  Ibid., Vol. 5, p. 553.

36  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible, vs. 7:12-14.

37  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 472.

38  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary, vs. 7:12-17.

39  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 69.

40  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 99.

41  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 7:8-16.

42  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 627.

Clarke adds: “Tertullian …among the Romans. ‘A child,’ says he, ‘from its very conception, was dedicated to the idols and demons they worshipped. While pregnant, the mother had her body swathed round with bandages, prepared with idolatrous rites. The embryo they conceived to be under the inspection of the goddess Alemona, who nourished it in the womb. Nona and Decima took care that it should be born in the ninth or tenth month. Partula adjusted every thing relative to the labor; and Lucina ushered it into the light. During the week preceding the birth a table was spread for Juno; and on the last day certain persons were called together to mark the moment on which the Parcae, or Fates, had fixed its destiny. The first step the child set on the earth was consecrated to the goddess Statina; and, finally, some of the hair was cut off, or the whole head shaven, and the hair offered to some god or goddess through some public or private motive of devotion.’ He adds that ‘no child among the heathens was born in a state of purity; and it is not to be wondered at,’ says he, ‘that demons possess them from their youth, seeing they were thus early dedicated to their service.’” (Clarke, v. 7:14).

43  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 69.

44  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 65.

45  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 110.

46  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 257.

47  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 65.

48  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 7:15.

49  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 7:16.

50  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 111.

51  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 258.

“This verb is a medical term meaning ‘to pull the foreskin over the end of the penis’… The term seems to be used by Paul to describe the surgical procedure known as epispasm.  This procedure, which reconstructed the foreskin by making a long incision, drawing the loosened skin on the penis over the glans or head of the penis…This procedure was used form the time of Antiochus (IV) Epiphanes…by Jews who wished (or who were coerced under the threat of persecution) to adopt the Greek way of life and who wanted to avoid being recognized as Jews (public baths and athletic contests performed naked were an integral part of Greek life, as was a strong disdain for circumcision, which was viewed as mutilations…2 Macc. 4:7-17 for the background.”

52  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 7:18.

53  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 258.

54  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 7:21.

55  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 468.

56  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 7:21.

57  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 259.

58  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 68.

59  Ibid.

60  Vincent, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Vincent’s Word Studies in the New Testament, v. 7:25.

61  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 114.

Bruce adds: “in five out of six occurrences the noun parthenos in verses 25-38 it is plainly feminine (as the form of the definite article shows)….a particular category of unmarried woman is denoted by parthenos, one (according to RSV of verses 36, 37, 38) who is betrothed but not yet married…whether a betrothed girl should proceed to marriage in the normal way or remain unmarried – in a state of permanent betrothal, so to speak.”  (Bruce, p. 73).

62  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 7:25-38.

63  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 105.

64  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 7:25-38.

65  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, vs. 7:25-28.

66  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 7:26-35.

67  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs. 7:26-28.

68  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 7:66.

69  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 115.

70  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 261.

71  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 86.

72  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 629.

73  Trapp, John, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete
Commentary, v. 7:29.

74  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 7:31.

75  Joni Eareckson Tada, v. 7:32: http://www.joniandfriends.org/blog/susanna-wesley/

76  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 117.

77  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 263.

78  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 109.

79  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 469.

80  Ibid.

81  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 264.

82  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 118.

83  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, vs. 7:39-40.

84  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 110.

85  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sati_(practice)

86  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, vs. 7:39.

87  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 7:39-40.

88  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 121.

CHAPTER  8

1  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 123.

2  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, pp. 74-75.

3  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 113.

4  G. Abbott-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1960), p. 312.

5  http://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/275648.

6  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 124.

Calvin adds: “No learning is commendable that is not dipped in the love of God.” (Calvin, 8:3).

7  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 630.

8  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
v. 8:4.

9  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 112.

Wiersbe adds: There were “two sources of meat in the ancient world: the regular market (where the prices were higher) and the local temples (where meat from the sacrifices was always available).” (Wiersbe, p. 475).

10  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
v. 8:1-3.

11  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 470.

12  Trapp, John, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete Commentary,
v. 8:5.

13  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 631.

14  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 125.

15  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 8:7.

Guzik adds here: “Why is their conscience considered weak?  Not because their conscience doesn’t work. Indeed, it does work – in fact, it overworks.” (Guzik, v. 8:7).

16  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 116.

17  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, v. 8:8.

18  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 8:9.

19  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, v. 8:1-13.

20  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
v. 8:9.

21  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 8:10.

22  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 267.

23  Quoted in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 8:10.

24  Ibid.

25  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 127.

26  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 267.

27  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 8:11.

28  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 78.

Comfort adds: “Mature Christians shouldn’t flaunt their freedom…a young Christian addicted to gambling may be damaged by a strong Christian’s freedom to play cards.” (Comfort, p. 119).

29  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 8:12.

30  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 130.

CHAPTER 9

1  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 9:1-14.

2  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 83.

3  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 121.

4  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 9:2.

5  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 9:1-14.

6  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 9:3.

7  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 9:5.

8  Eusebius Pamphilus, The Ecclesiastical History, Popular Edition (Grand Rapids, Baker Book House, reprinted 1976), pp. 135-136.

9  Citing Farrar in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 9:4.

10  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 9:7.

Bray adds, citing Chrysostom: “The apostleship was much more dangerous than being a soldier.  For their warfare was not just with men but with demons as well.” (Bray, p. 82).

11  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 9:7.

12  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
v. 9:10.

13  Frank Viola & George Barna, Pagan Christianity; Exploring The Roots of Our Church Practices (Tyndale House Publishers, 2002, 2008), p. 178.

14  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 125.

15  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 9:1-14.

“The priests were a byword. While the ordinary Jewish family ate meat at the most once a week the priests suffered from an occupational disease consequent on eating too much meat. Their privileges, the luxury of their lives, their rapacity were notorious; Paul knew all about this. He knew how they used religion as a means to grow fat; and he was determined that he would go to the other extreme and take nothing.”

16  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 9:14.

17  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 9:15-23.

18  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 9:15.

19  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 127.

20 http://www.christianity.com/church/church-history/church-history-for-kids/george-mueller-orphanages-built-by-prayer-11634869.html

21  Quoted in Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 86.

22  Ibid., p. 88.

23 Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 130.

24  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 9:24.

25  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 89.

26  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 9:25.

27  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 9:26.

28  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 472.

29  Abbot-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, p. 10.

30  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 89.

CHAPTER 10

1  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 106.

2  Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised  p. 1063.

3  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 10:1.

4  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1245.

5  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 473.

6  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 90.

7  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 108.

8  Trapp, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete Commentary, v. 10:3.

9  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 10:4.

[Rabbi Solomon on Numbers 20:2] “…that the rock itself, or at least the stream from it, followed the Israelites from place to place” (compare Deuteronomy 9:21).

10  Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised, p. 1064.

11  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, v. 10:5.

12  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 10:5

Morris adds: “katastronnymi adds a picturesque touch; he sees the wilderness as strewn with bodies…” (Morris, p. 140).

13  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 139.

14  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 273.

15  Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, vs. 10:1-10.

16  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 10:6.

17  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 10:6.

18  Tim Challies, The Next Story, Life and Faith after The Digital Explosion, (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2011), p. 28.

19  Donald W. McCullough, The Trivilization of God: The Dangerous Illusion of a Manageable Deity (Colo. Springs, Nav Press, 1995), p. 22.

20  Patrick Glynn, God, The Evidence: The Reconciliation of Faith and Reason in a Postsecular World (Rocklin CA: Prima Publishing, 1997), p. 167.

21  Calvin, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Calvin’s Commentary on the Bible, v. 10:7.

22  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 473.

23  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 138.

24  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, pp. 1245-46.

25  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 10:8.

26  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 10:10.

27  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
v. 10:11.

28  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 10:11.

29  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament,
v. 10:12.

30  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 10:11-13.

31  Ibid.

32  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
v. 10:13.

33  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 111.

34  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 143.

35  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 10:14-33.

36  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 97.

37  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 10:16.

38  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 276.

39  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament,
v. 10:17.

40  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 10:15.

41  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 97.

42  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 144.

43  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 10:14-22.

44  Ibid., vs. 10:19-22.

45  Ibid., vs. 10:14-22.

46  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 97.

47  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament,
v. 10:21.

48  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 477.

49  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 100.

50  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 478.

51  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 10:23.

52  Quoted in Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 277.

53  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 10:14-33.

54  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs. 10:25-26.

Chrysostom adds: “The food is not unclean in itself, only human intentions might make it unclean.” (Bray, p. 100).

55  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 10:14-33.

56  McCullough, The Trivilization of God: The Dangerous Illusion of a manageable Deity, pp. 26-37.

57  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament,
v. 10:27.

58  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 148.

59  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 100.

60  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 10:31.

61  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
vs, 10:31-33.

62  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 116.

CHAPTER 11

1  Frank Viola & George Barna, Pagan Christianity: Exploring the Roots of Our Church Practices (Tyndale house, 2002, 2008), pp. 228-229.

2  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible, vs. 11:2.

3  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 11:2.

Bruce adds: “(Gk paradoseis) were the instructions, relating to matters of doctrine and practice alike which he delivered to his churches on the authority of Christ.” (Bruce, p. 102)

4  David Guzik, David Guzik’s Commentaries on the Bible, Commentary on 1 Timothy. 1997-2003, v. 2:11. https://enduringword.com/bible-commentary/1-timothy-1/

5  Quoted in David Kupelian, The Marketing of Evil, (Nashville: WND Books, 2005), pp. 111-112.

6  Ibid., p. 107.

7  Ibid.

8  Star Parker, Uncle Sam’s Plantation (Nashville: WND Books, 2003), p. 113.

9  David Guzik, Commentary on the Bible, Ephesians, v. 5:22. https://enduringword.com/bible-commentary/ephesians-5/

10  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 103.

11  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 279.

12 Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 11:3.

13  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 280.

14  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 482.

15  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 11:4.

16  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament,
vs. 11:10.

17  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 156.

18  Vincent, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Vincent’s Word Studies in the New Testament, v. 11:5.

19  Ibid.

20  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2,  p. 637.

21  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 105.

22  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 11:4-6.

Morris adds: “Jewish women were always veiled in public in the first century…Conzelmann can say, ‘It can be assumed that respectable Greek women wore a head covering in public.’” (Morris. pp. 148-149).

Barclay also adds: “It was true that in the synagogue, for instance, women had no share whatever in the worship but were segregated completely from the men in a shut-off gallery or other part of the building. In Jewish law and custom it was unthinkable that women should claim any kind of equality with men.” (Barclay, vs. 11:2-16).

Utley also comments: “The veil was a cultural aspect of the marriage service. It was expected to be worn outside the home by Roman women. Its absence would be seen as 1. a shamed woman 2. a Prostitute 3. a dominant lesbian partner.” (Utley, v. 11:5).

23  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs, 11:2-16.

24  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 283.

25  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 476.

26  David Kupelian, How Evil Works: Understanding and Overcoming the Destructive Forces That Are Transforming America, p. 176.

27  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies, vs. 11:1-16.

28  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 107.

29  Ibid., p. 104.

30  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
vs. 11:7-12.

31  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
vs. 11:7-10.

32  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 151.

33  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, vs. 11:7.

34  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 108.

35  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1247.

36  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 11: 9.

37  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 152.

38  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 285.

Keener adds: “…the angels present in divine worship, who would be offended by a breach of propriety or affront to the husbands…” (Keener, p. 476).

Morris comments: “What Paul says is something like ‘the woman ought to have authority on her head’…exousia means ‘authority’ not subjection.” (Morris, p. 151).

39  Strong’s Concordance number 1849.

40  Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised, p. 1066.

41  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 152.

42  Quoted in Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 11:11-12.

43  Ibid., v. 11:10.

44  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs. 11:13-16.

45  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
vs. 11:13-16.

46  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 153.

47  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 285.

48  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 483.

49  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 11:16.

50  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 109.

51  http://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/179023.Edwin_Markham

52  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 11:19.

Utley adds: “The term is ‘faction’ (1 Cor. 11:19, i.e., hairesis), from which we get the English word heresies. Its basic etymology is ‘to choose’ or ‘select,’ …It can be used to describe (1) a person who believes false teaching (cf. Titus 3:10) or (2) the false teaching itself (cf. 2 Pet. 2:1)….There is a different term used in 1 Cor. 11:18, ‘divisions’ (i.e., schisma), from which we get the English word schism. Its basic etymology is ‘to split’ (cf. Matt. 27:51).” (Utley, v. 11:19).

53  Trapp, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete Commentary, v. 11:19.

54  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
vs. 11:20-22.

55  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 477.

Smith adds concerning the love feast: “In brief, not only did the ‘rich’ bring their ‘own private meals,’ which they ate in front of the ‘have nots,’…his ‘first-class’ guests were invited to sit in the dining room while the rest, almost surely the ‘have nots,’ were sent outside to the courtyard where conditions were greatly inferior.” (Smith, p. 286).

56  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 11:17-22.

57  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 161.

58  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, vs. 11:23-24.

59  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 158.

60  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1248.

61  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 111.

62  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 158.

63  Reuben Alcalay, The Complete Hebrew-English Dictionary (Tel Aviv: Massadah Publishing Co., 1965), p. 486.

64  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1249.

65  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 165.

66  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 160.

67  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 115.

68  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1249.

69  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 116.

CHAPTER 12

1  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 162.

Barnes adds: “The word ‘gifts’ is not in the original. The Greek refers to ‘spiritual’ things in general, or to anything that is of a spiritual nature.” (Barnes v. 12:1).

2  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 136.

3  Donald W. McCullough, The Trivilization of God: The Dangerous Illusion of a manageable Deity (Colo. Springs: Nav Press, 1995), p. 24.

4  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 117.

5  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 118.

6  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 12:1-3.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yeshu 

8  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 12:3.

9  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 163.

Pett notes here: “To put someone or something under ‘anathema’ was to cast it out, to reject it, to allocate it as God-rejected, and to bring God’s stamp of disapproval on it…. So the evil spirits are seen to be capable of denying both the true humanity (compare 1 John 4:2-3) and the full divinity of Jesus Christ… There is here, then, a clear warning that spiritual gifts can be imitated, and that they are no necessary proof of spirituality, and that even some of the supposed charismata may in fact not be genuine.” (Pett vs. 12:1-3).

10  Quoted in Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible, vs. 12:1-3.

11  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, vs. 12:4-6.

12  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 12:7-11.

13  Ibid.

14  Roberts, et. al., The Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 1, 214.

15  Ibid., p. 409.

16  Ibid., Vol. 3, p. 91.

17  Ibid., Vol. 4, p. 415.

18  John Wimber, with Kevin Springer, Power Evangelism, Signs and Wonders Today, (London: Hodder & Stoughton, 1985), p. 155.

19  Ibid., pp. 155-156.

20  Ibid., pp. 157-158.

21  Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised, p. 1067.

22  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 12:11.

23  Ibid., v. 12:6.

24  Dean L. Overman, A Case For The Existence of God (New York: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc., 2009), p. 14.

25  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 12:7-22.

26  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, pp. 118-119.

27  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 12: 4-11.

28  Ibid.

29  Ibid

Barclay adds: “The early Church lived in a world where healing miracles were common-place. If a Jew was ill he was much more likely to go to the Rabbi than to the doctor; and he would most likely be healed. Aesculapius was the Greek God of healing. People went to his temples, usually spending whole nights there, to be healed, and often they were. To this day we find among the ruins of these temples votive tablets and inscriptions commemorating healings; and no one goes to the trouble and expense of erecting an inscription for nothing.” (Barclay, vs. 12:4-11).

30  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 166.

31  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 289.

32  Ibid., p. 290, citing Carson.

33  Ibid., p. 292.

34  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 12:7-11.

35  http://www.patheos.com/blogs/adrianwarnock/2006/10/audio-sermons-mark-driscoll-the-charismatic-with-a-seat-belt/

36  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 123.

37  Paul Brand & Philip Yancey, Fearfully and Wonderfully Made (Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1980), p. 44.

38  Ibid., p. 20.

39  Ibid., pp. 46-47.

40  Ibid., p. 40.

41  Ibid., p. 24.

42  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
v. 12:13.

Barnes adds: “Many suppose that there is reference here to the ordinance of baptism by water. But the connection seems rather to require us to understand it of the baptism of the Holy Spirit Matthew 3:11.” (Barnes, vs. 12:13).

43  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p.120.

44  Robert Brow, Ephesians Commentary, (Odessa, Ontario: J.L.P. Digital Publications, 2002), comment on Ephesians Eph. 4:7.

45  Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised, p. 1067.

46  Quoted in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 12:15.

47  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 12:15.

48  Trapp, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete Commentary, v. 12:16.

49  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 12:18.

50  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
v. 12:19.

51  Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, vs. 12:20-31.

52  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 642.

53  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 487.

54  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 12:22.

55  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 12:21-26.

56  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament,
v. 12:22.

57  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 12:25.

58  Calvin, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Calvin’s Commentary on the Bible,
v. 12:26.

59  Brand & Yancey, Fearfully and Wonderfully Made, p. 37.

60  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1251. 61  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 12:27.

62  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 129.

63  Cited in Larry D. Hart, Truth Aflame; A Balanced Theology for Evangelicals and Charismatics (Nashville: Thomas Nelson Publishers, 1999), p. 521.

64  Information taken from Ted Olsen (2015), Far East missionary and mission planner for Global Fellowship. Also, some months ago my wife and I were privileged to meet and talk with Mrs. Choudry during her visit to the US.

65  Grace To You Website http://www.gty.org/Blog/B131118

66  William Barclay, The Letters to the Galatians and Ephesians; The New Daily Study Bible (Louisville & London: The Westminster John Knox Press, 2002), p.168.

67  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 12:28.

68  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 12:12-31.

69  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 12:28.

CHAPTER 13

1  Quoted in Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 174

2  Cited in Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 13:1-13.

3  http://www.ccel.org/ccel/drummond/greatest.html

4  Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, vs. 13:1-13.

Keener adds: “Love appears regularly as the supreme virtue in early Christian
literature.” (Keener, p. 479).

5  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 124.

6  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs. 13:1-13.

7  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 13:1.

8  http://www.ccel.org/ccel/drummond/greatest.html

9  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 174.

10  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 487.

11  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 185.

12  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 479.

13  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,
pp. 166-167.

14  http://www.ccel.org/ccel/drummond/greatest.html

15  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 13:4-7.

16  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 153.

17  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 13:4-7.

18  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs.  13:4-6.

19  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1252.

20  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 13:4-7.

21  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 13:5.

22  Ibid.

23  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 13:4-7.

24  Godbey, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Godbey’s Commentary on the New Testament, v. 13:6.

25  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 13:7.

26  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 127.

27  William Barclay, A New Testament Wordbook (London: SCM Press LTD, 1959), p. 59.

28  Ibid., p. 61.

29  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
vs. 13:8-13.

30  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 128.

31  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 297.

32  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 13:8-10.

33  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 192.

34  Godbey, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Godbey’s Commentary on the New Testament, v. 13:11.

35  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 13:8-13.

Barnes adds: “It is, therefore, probable that he refers to those transparent substances which the ancients had, and which they used in their windows occasionally; such as thin plates of horn, transparent stone, etc. …It is known that glass was in quite common use about the commencement of the Christian era. …About this time drinking vessels were made commonly of glass; and glass bottles for holding wine and flowers were in common use. …There is, therefore, no impropriety in supposing that Paul here may have alluded to the imperfect and discolored glass which was then in extensive use.” (Barnes, v. 13:12).

36  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,
p. 181.

37  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the
Bible, vs. 13:12. 

38  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1253.

39  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,
p. 183. 

CHAPTER 14

1  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 195.

2  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 645.

3  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 197.

4  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 489.

5  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible, v. 14:1.

6  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 130.

7  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 298, citing Fee.

8  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 489.

Guzik adds: “He who speaks in a tongue does not speak to men but to God: With the gift of tongues, the speaker addresses God, not men. Disregard of this principle leads to one of the most significant misunderstandings regarding the gift of tongues – believing tongues is a supernatural communication ‘man to man’ instead of ‘man to God’… Acts 10:46 describes the hearing of the gift of tongues: they heard them speak with tongues and magnify God…. A true interpretation of the gift of tongues will be addressed to God, not men. It will be a prayer, praise, or some other communication to God.” (Guzik, vs. 14:2-3).

9  Robertson, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Robertson’s Word Pictures of the New Testament, v. 14:3.

10  Abbot-Smith, A Manual Greek Lexicon of the New Testament, p. 342.

11  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 139.

12  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, pp. 198-199.

13  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible, v. 14:6.

14  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 139.

15  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the Bible,
vs. 14:7-9.

16  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,  p. 185.

17  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 481.

18  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 186.

19  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 14:10.

20  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, pp. 139-140.

21  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 201.

22  Derek Prince, The Gifts of the Spirit (New Kingston, PA: Whitaker House, 2007),
p. 168.

23  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 186.

24  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 202.

25  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 141.

26  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 187.

27  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 14:15-19.

28  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 14:17.

29  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 14:12-14.

30  Ibid.

31  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 132.

32  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 14:21.

33  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, pp. 132-133.

34  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 205.

35  John Sherrill, They Speak With Other Tongues (New York: Pyramid Books, 1964),
pp. 42-43.

36  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 14:20-25.

37  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 302.

38  Ibid.

39  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 142.

40  Quoted in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 14:25.

41  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 190.

42  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 14:26-33.

43  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 190.

44  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 14:26.

45  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 14:26.

46  Guthrie, et al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised  p. 1070.

47  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 14:26.

48  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 491.

49  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 14:26-27.

50  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 134.

51  Guthrie, et al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised,  p. 1070.

52  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 14:29-33.

53  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 211.

54  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 134.

55  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 192.

56  Alexander Pope, http://www.goodreads.com/quotes/149559-order-is-heaven-s-first-law.

57  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 304.

58  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
vs. 14:24-40.

59  Quoted in Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,
p. 193.

Barclay adds: “We have already said that in the ancient world the place of women was low. In the Greek world Sophocles had said, ‘Silence confers grace upon a woman.’ Women, unless they were very poor or very loose in their morals, led a very secluded life in Greece. The Jews had an even lower idea of women. Amongst the Rabbinic sayings there are many which belittle their place. ‘As to teaching the law to a woman one might as well teach her impiety.’ To teach the law to a woman was ‘to cast pearls before swine.’ …that absolutely nothing, must be done which would bring upon the infant Church the faintest suspicion of immodesty.” (Barclay, vs. 14:34-40).

60  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 14:34-35.

61  Cited in Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary, vs. 14:34-35.

62  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs.  14:26-40.

63  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 193.

64  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 307.

65  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 492.

66  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 146.

67  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 14:34.

68  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 492.

69  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 647.

70  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 146.

71  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 136.

72  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 648.

73  Quoted in Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 14:39-40.

74  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians,
p. 215.

75  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 14:39.

76  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 309.  

CHAPTER 15

1  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study Bible,
vs.  15:1-58.

2  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 170.

3  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 15:1-58.

4  Ibid., Intro.

“Celsus, who lived about A.D. 220,…. How can those who have died rise with their identical bodies? He demands. ‘Really it is the hope of worms! For what soul of a man would any longer wish for a body that had rotted?’”

5  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 492.

6  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs.  15:1-58.

7  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians,
pp. 217-218.

8  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 197.

9  Ibid., p. 198.

10  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 138

Smith adds that this may, “represent technical rabbinic terms which were used to indicate the transmission and reception of oral (or written) tradition.” (Smith, p. 310).

11  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 15:3-4.

12  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 493.

13  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 15:3-4.

14  Ibid.

15  Jim Gerrish, see commentary on Mark, https://www.wordofgodtoday.com/mark-chapter-15/

Some have gone to the great and painstaking task of checking the stages of the moon in the early centuries (remember, Israel runs on a lunar calendar).  Many scholars feel that Jesus was probably crucified in the year AD 30.  In that year the fourteenth of the Hebrew month of Nisan fell on Thursday.  Thus the day of Jesus’ crucifixion would have been on Thursday and not on Friday according to this scientific evidence. The Day of Preparation mentioned would then have been for the Passover Sabbath and not for the normal Sabbath.  In effect, there would have been two Sabbaths in close proximity to each other.   The interesting use of “Sabbaths” (sabbaton) in the plural in Matthew 28:1 seems to corroborate the passing of two Sabbaths while Jesus was asleep in the tomb.

16  Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, vs. 15:1-11.

17  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians,
pp. 218-219.

18  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs.  15:1-11.

19  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 140.

20  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 15:6-8.

21  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 175.

22  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 15:6.

23  Quoted in Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 15:7.

24  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 200.

25  J. D. Douglas & Merrill C. Tenney, The New International Dictionary of the Bible (Basingstoke, Hants, UK: Zondervan Publishing House, 1987), p. 756.

26  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 201.

27  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians,
p. 223.

28  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs.  15:12-19.

29  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians,
p. 224.

30  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 15:14.

31  Quoted in Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 15:14-19.

32  McGee, First Corinthians, Thru The Bible Commentary, p. 180.

33  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 15:19.

34  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1256.

35  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 205.

36  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs.  15:20-28.

37  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 312.

38  N. T. Wright, Surprised By Hope, Rethinking Heaven, he Resurrection, and the Mission of the Church (New York: Harper, Collins, 2008), p. 42.

39  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 313.

40  Wright, Surprised By Hope, Rethinking Heaven, he Resurrection, and the Mission of the Church, p. 158.

41  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 494.

42  Wright, Surprised By Hope, Rethinking Heaven, he Resurrection, and the Mission of the Church, p. 151.

43  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 206.

44  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 15:21-24.

45  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 207.

46  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 652.

47  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 15:21-24.

48  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 652.

49  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 162.

50  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 147.

51  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p.  486.

Comfort adds: “Psalm 110:1…Although God the Father and God the Son are equal
(Phil. 2:6), each has a special work to do and an area of sovereign control 15:28.” (Comfort, p. 229).

52  Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised  p. 1072.

53  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1257.

54  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 208.

55  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 164.

56  Quoted in Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 15:24-28.

57  Ibid., pp. 24-18.

58  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
v. 15:28.

59  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 208.

60  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v. 15:29.

Guzik adds: “It is a mysterious passage, and there have been more than thirty different attempts to interpret it…Significantly, Paul did not say, ‘we baptize for the dead,’ but asked, ‘what will they do who are baptized for the dead,’ and ‘why then are they baptized for the dead?’”  He cites Mare who said, “Paul simply mentions the superstitious custom without approving it and uses it to fortify his argument that there is a resurrection from the dead.” (Guzik, vs. 15:29-32).

61  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 652.

62  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 209.

63  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 15:29-34.

64  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 653.

65  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 487.

66  Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised  p. 1072.

67  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians,
p. 232.

68  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, v. 15:32.

69  Quoted in Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 15:32.

70  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 150.

71  Quoted in Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 317.

72  Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, vs. 15:29-41.

73  Quoted in Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 15:36-38.

74  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs. 15:3-37.

75  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 496.

76  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 319.

77  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians,
p. 235.

78  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 174.

79  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 495.

80  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 218.

81  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 176.

82  Quoted in Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 495.

83  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 221.

84  Quoted in Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 321.

85  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 177.

86  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 154.

87  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 222.

88  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 179.

89  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament,
v. 15:53.

90  Guzik, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, David Guzik Commentaries on the
Bible, vs. 15:54-57.

91  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament,
v. 15:55.

92  Ibid.

93  Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7, p. 224.

CHAPTER 16

1  Stedman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Ray Stedman Expository Studies,
vs. 16:1-9.

2  Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised,  p. 1073.

3  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 322.

4  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 16:1-24.

“It has been pointed out that, in different letters and speeches, Paul uses no fewer than nine different words to describe this collection. (i) logia…means an extra collection… (ii) charis (1 Cor.16:3; 2 Cor. 8:4)…describes a free gift freely given …(iii) koinonia (2 Cor. 8:4; 9:13; Rom. 15:6)…means fellowship, and the essence of fellowship is sharing…(iv) diakonia… (2 Cor. 8:4; 9:1, 12-13)…means practical Christian service…(v) hadrotes …meaning is abundance (2 Cor. 8:20)…(vi) eulogia...means bounty (2 Cor. 9:5)…(vii) leitourgia…(2 Co. 9:12)…a word with a noble history. (viii) eleemosune … (Acts 24:17)….the Greek word for alms…(ix) prosphora (Acts 24:17)…the word for an offering and a sacrifice.”

5  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 244.

6  Guthrie, et. al., The New Bible Commentary, Revised,  p. 1073.

7  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 185.

8  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 323.

9  Ibid., p. 324.

10  There is considerable discussion among commentators on where the offering is kept.

Smith says, “ this phrase probably means ‘at home’…and the line seems to be better translated as ‘let each one of you set aside at home [a sum of money]’” (Smith, p. 324).

Coffman quoting Lipscomb says,The idea that the storing was to be at home is incompatible with the idea that ‘no collections be made when I come.’” (Coffman, v. 16:2).

11  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 497.

12  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 323.

13  It might be helpful for us to realize just how much the Hebrews offered.

The religion of the Old Testament was a costly religion. King David once said, “I will not sacrifice to the Lord my God burnt offerings that cost me nothing” (2 Sam. 24:24).  Today,  in our  giving we strain to reach the tithe or 10 percent.  Old Testament religion started at this point.  After the tithe there was the Sabbatical Year.  When one lived in an agricultural society  and didn’t farm  his land one year out of  every  seven,  that  is effectively  another  14.2 percent  offered up to God.  This does not consider that on the Sabbatical, all Hebrew slaves were freed and all debts to fellow Hebrews were canceled (Deut. 15:1,12).  If one  did  not harvest the corners of his fields or go back for second pickings, so that the poor could glean (Lev. 19:9), there is possibly another 5-10 percent.  For those who kept the Sabbath, that lost day of production could amount to another 14.2 percent.

Then there was the year of Jubilee every 50 years.  At that time all property reverted back to its original family ownership and all Hebrew servants were set free.  That might amount to another 2-10 percent, depending upon how wealthy a family happened to be.  Of course, we are already getting up into the area of 50-60 percent of total income offered to God.  All this does not count the offerings.  There were the offerings of the first-born and first-fruits that we have mentioned.   Plus, all males were required to go up to Jerusalem three times each year (Ex. 23:17), and they were forbidden to appear before the Lord empty (Deut. 16:16).  They had to bring animals from their flocks each time.  Then there were the whole offerings, cereal offerings, drink offerings, peace offerings, sin offerings, and trespass offerings (Lev.  1-5).  All these offerings  could easily total up to another 5-10 percent of a family’s income.

14  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1259.

15  Kretzmann, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Kretzmann’s Popular Commentary,
vs. 16:5-12.

16  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 497.

17  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, vs. 16:5-9.

18  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 159.

19  Utley, Free Bible Commentary, vs. 16:7.

20  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 489.

21  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs. 16:8-9.

22  Barnes, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Barnes’ Notes on the New Testament, v. 16:8.

23  Trapp, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete Commentary, v. 16:9.

24  Wiersbe, The Wiersbe Bible Commentary, NT, p. 498.

25  Smith, 1 Corinthians, The Bible Knowledge Word Study, p. 324.

26  Barclay, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, William Barclay’s Daily Study
Bible, vs. 16:1-24.

27  Trapp, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, John Trapp Complete Commentary, v. 16:10.

28  Jamieson, Fausset, & Brown, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Commentary Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, v. 16:10.

29  Bray, ed., Ancient Christian Commentary On Scripture, VII, p. 188.

30  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, p. 1259.

31  Bruce, The New Century Bible Commentary, I & II Corinthians, p. 160.

32  Coffman, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Coffman Commentaries on the Old and New Testament, v. 16:13.

33  Barker & Kohlenberger, Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary, Vol. 2, p. 656.

34  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 490.

35  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians, p. 249.

Bruce adds: “One of the roots of the trouble at Corinth was a tendency to anarchy, a failure to give due recognition to those who were qualified to be ‘administrators’ in the church.”  (Bruce, p. 160)

36  Clarke, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, The Adam Clarke Commentary, v.16:17.

37  Pett, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, Peter Pett’s Commentary on the Bible,
vs. 16:19-20.

38  Viola & Barna, Pagan Christianity?,  p. 12.

39  Quoted in Morris, 1 Corinthians, Tyndale New Testament Commentaries, Vol. 7,
p. 235.

40  Meyer, Commentary on 1 Corinthians, F. B. Meyer’s ‘Through the Bible’ Commentary, vs. 16:13-24.

41  Roberts, et. al., The Ante-Nicene Fathers, Vol. 1, p. 185.

Utley adds: “This form of public greeting (kissing on one or both cheeks) and sign of fellowship can be seen in the Old Testament in Exod. 4:27. It can be seen in the gospels in Mark 14:45. It became standardized in the early church (cf. Rom.16:16; 2 Cor. 13:12; 1 Thess. 5:26; 1 Pet. 5:14), which followed the pattern of the Synagogue. …it still continues on special occasions in the eastern churches. Its modern equivalent western would be a warm handshake or hug.” (Utley, v. 16:20).

42  Ibid., Vol. 2, p. 291.

43  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 448.

44  Comfort, gen. ed., Life Application Bible Commentary, 1 & 2 Corinthians,
p. 251.

45  Pfeiffer & Harrison, The Wycliffe Bible Commentary, pp. 1259-60.

46  Keener, The IVP Bible Background Commentary, New Testament, p. 490.